General Surgery

Abscess Incision Surgical Drainage
Abscess incision surgery surgical drainage - definition An abscess is an infected skin nodule containing pus. It may need to be

Acute Abdomen Cases Evaluation
acute abdomen Case 1: 35-year-old male who complained of abdominal pain and collapsed. Etiology of Acute Pancreatitis •

Exploratory Laparotomy Abdominal Exploration
Laparotomy, exploratory Definition A laparotomy is a large incision made into the abdomen. Exploratory laparotomy is used

Gallstone Removal Cholelithotomy
Gallstone removal Also known as cholelithotomy, gallstone removal is a procedure that rids the gallbladder of calculus buildup.

Gallstone Removal Diagnosis Aftercare
Diagnosis/Preparation Diagnostically, gallstone disease, which can lead to gallbladder removal, is divided into four diseases:

Ganglion Cyst Ganglionectomy Diagnosis
Definition Ganglion cyst removal, or ganglionectomy, is the removal of a fluid-filled sac on the skin of the wrist, finger, or

Ganglion Cyst Risks Aftercare Results
Aftercare Patients should avoid strenuous physical activity for at least 48 hours after surgery and report any signs of infec

Gastrectomy Surgery Diagnosis
Gastrectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of the stomach. Purpose Gastrectomy is performed most commonly to treat th

Gastrectomy Surgery Risks Results
After gastrectomy surgery, patients are taken to the recovery unit and vital signs are closely monitored bythe nursing staff until

Gastric Bypass Diagnosis Aftercare
A diagnosis of obesity relies on the patients medical history and on a body weight assessment based on the body mass index (BMI)

Gastric Bypass Risks Results
Risks Gastric bypass surgery has many of the same risks associated with any other major abdominal operation. Life-threatening c

Gastric Bypass Surgery
A gastric bypass is a surgical procedure that creates a very small stomach; the rest of the stomach is removed. The small intest

Gastroduodenostomy Reconstruction
A gastroduodenostomy is a surgical reconstruction procedure by which a new connection between the stomach and the first portion of

Gastroduodenostomy Risks Results
A gastroduodenostomy has many of the same risks associated with any other major abdominal operation performed under general anes

Gastroenterologic Surgery
Gastroenterologic surgery includes a variety of surgical procedures performed on the organs and conduits of the digestive system.

Gastroenterologic Surgery Risks Results
Advances in laparoscopy allow the direct study of large portions of the liver, gallbladder, spleen, lining of the stomach, and pel

Gastroesophageal Reflux Results Aftercare
gastroesophageal reflux Aftercare Upper endoscopy After an upper endoscopy, a friend or relative should drive the patient

Gastroesophageal Reflux Scan
Gastrointestinal reflux imaging refers to several methods of diagnostic imaging used to visualize and diagnose gastroesophageal re

Gastroesophageal Reflux Surgery
Gastroesophageal reflux surgery is typically performed in patients with serious gastroesophageal reflux disease that does not resp

Gastroesophageal Reflux Surgery Aftercare
It has been estimated that heartburn occurs in more than 60% of adults. About 20% of the population take antacids or over-the-coun

Gastroesophageal Reflux Surgery Results
Risks or complications that have been associated with fundoplication include: • heartburn recurrence • swallow

Gastrostomy Risks Results
There are few risks associated with this surgery. The main complications are infection, bleeding, dislodgment  of the tube, s

Gastrostomy Surgery Aftercare
Gastrostomy is a surgical procedure for inserting a tube through the abdomen wall and into the stomach. The tube, called a “

General Surgery Diagnosis Preparation
General surgery is the treatment of injury, deformity, and disease using operative procedures. Purpose General surgery is f

General Surgery Risks Results
Persons who are obese, smoke, have bleeding tendencies, or are over 60 need to follow special precautions, as do persons who hav

Hemorrhoid Treatment Hemorrhoidectomy
A hemorrhoidectomy (hemorrhoid treatment) is the surgical removal of a hemorrhoid, which is an enlarged, swollen and inflamed clus

Hemorrhoidectomy Hemorrhoid Diagnosis
There are several types of surgical procedures that can reduce hemorrhoids. Most surgical procedures in current use can be perfo

Hemorrhoidectomy Risks Results
Patients may experience pain after surgery as theanus tightens and relaxes. The doctor may prescribe narcotics to relieve the pain

Hepactectomy Liver Surgery
A hepactectomy is the surgical removal of the liver. Purpose Hepatectomies are performed to surgically remove tumors from th

Hepactectomy Liver Surgery Risks Results
Patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis are at high risk when an hepatectomy is performed. There are always risks with any

Hepactectomy Surgery Diagnosis Aftercare
A diagnosis of liver cancer requiring an hepatectomy is obtained with the following procedures: • physical examination

Ileal Conduit Surgery
Recent research has shown there is little difference in infection rates or in renal deterioration between the conduit surgical tec

Ileal Conduit Surgery Urinary Diversion
There are many surgical techniques for urinary diversion surgery. They fall into two categories: continent diversion and conduit

Ileoanal Anastomosis Surgical Procedure
Ileoanal anastomosis Definition Ileoanal anastomosis is a surgical procedure in which the large intestine is bypassed and th

Ileoanal Reservoir Surgery
Ileoanal reservoir surgery Definition Ileoanal reservoir surgery or ileoanal anastomosis is a two-stage restorative proced

Ileostomy Surgical Procedure
Ileostomy Definition An ileostomy is a surgical procedure in which the small intestine is attached to the abdominal wall i

Incisional Hernia Repair Diagnosis Preparation
Diagnosis / Preparation Diagnosis Reviewing the patient’s symptoms and medical history are the first steps in diag

Incisional Hernia Repair Ventral Herniorrhaphy
Incisional hernia repair Definition Incisional hernia repair is a surgical procedure performed to correct an incisional he

Inguinal Hernia Repair Aftercare Risks
Aftercare The hernia repair site must be kept clean and any sign of swelling or redness reported to the surgeon. Patients sh

Inguinal Hernia Repair Hernioplasty
Inguinal hernia repair Definition Inguinal hernia repair, also known as herniorrhaphy, is the surgical correction of an in

Inguinal Hernia Repair Surgical Procedures
Surgical procedures In open inguinal hernia repair procedures, the patient is typically given a light general anesthesia of

Intestinal Obstruction Repair
Intestinal obstruction repair Definition An intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or lar

Islet Cell Transplantation
Islet cell transplantation Definition Pancreatic islet cell transplantation involves taking the cells that produce insulin

Laparoscopy Aftercare Risks
Aftercare Following laparoscopy, patients are required to remain in a recovery area until the immediate effects of anesthesia

Laparoscopy Diagnostic Surgical Procedure
Laparoscopy Definition Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure used as a diagnostic tool and surgical procedure that

Liver Biopsy Diagnostic Testing
Liver biopsy Definition A liver biopsy is a medical procedure performed to obtain a small piece of liver tissue for diagno

Liver Transplantation Surgery
Liver transplantation Definition : Liver transplantation is a surgery that removes a diseased liver and replaces it with a hea

Liver Transplantation Surgery Aftercare
Aftercare Following surgery, the patient will wake up in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU). During this time, a tube wil

Lumpectomy Breast Conserving Surgery
Lumpectomy Definition Lumpectomy is a type of surgery for breast cancer. It is considered breast-conserving surgery becaus

Lymphadenectomy Lymph Node Dissection
Lymphadenectomy Definition Lymphadenectomy, also called lymph node dissection, is a surgical procedure in which lymph glan

Mastectomy Breast Reconstruction
Breast reconstruction - mastectomy : Breast reconstruction, especially if it is begun at the same time as the simple mastectomy, c

Mastectomy Surgical Removal Of Breasts
Simple mastectomy is the surgical removal of one or both breasts. The adjacent lymph nodes and chest muscles are left intact. If a

Mediastinoscopy Mediastinoscope
Mediastinoscopy Definition Mediastinoscopy is a surgical procedure that allows physicians to view areas of the mediastinum

Modified Radical Mastectomy
Modified radical mastectomy Definition : A surgical procedure that removes the breast, surrounding tissue, and nearby lymph no

Operating Room Surgery Center
Operating room Definition : An operating room (OR), also called surgery center, is the unit of a hospital where surgical proce

Outpatient Surgery Ambulatory Surgery
Outpatient surgery, also referred to as ambulatory surgery, is surgery that does not require an overnight hospital stay. Patients

Pancreas Transplantation
Pancreas transplantation - Definition Pancreas transplantation is a surgical procedure in which a diseased pancreas is replace

Pancreatectomy Removal Of The Pancreas
Pancreatectomy - Definition A pancreatectomy is the surgical removal of the pancreas. A pancreatectomy may be total, in which

Paracentesis
Paracentesis : Paracentesis is a minimally invasive procedure using a needle to remove fluid from the abdomen. There are two

Portal Vein Bypass Surgery
Portal vein bypass surgery diverts blood from the portal vein into another vein. It is performed when pressure in the portal vein

Post Anesthesia Care Unit PACU
The recovery room, also called a post-anesthesia care unit (PACU), is a space a patient is taken to after surgery to safely regain

Postoperative Care
Postoperative care is the management of a patient after surgery. This includes care given during the immediate postoperative perio

Postoperative Care 2
If the patient does not have a urinary catheter, the bladder should be assessed for distension, and the patient monitored for inab

Preoperative Care
Preoperative care is the preparation and management of a patient prior to surgery. It includes both physical and psychological pre

Preparing For Elective Surgery
Preparing for a planned surgery (also called elective surgery) includes selecting a surgery center and surgeon to perform the proc

Preparing For Elective Surgery 2
BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS AND BLOOD DONATION Blood transfusions may be necessary during surgery. A blood transfusion is the delivery

Presurgical Preoperative Testing
Presurgical or preoperative testing is the preparation and management of a patient before surgery. Presurgical testing psychologic

Pyloroplasty Peptic Ulcer Disease
Pyloroplasty is a surgical procedure in which the pylorus valve at the lower portion of the stomach is cut and resutured, relaxing

Quadrantectomy Breast Conserving Surgery
Quadrantectomy is a surgical procedure in which a "quadrant" (approximately one-fourth) of the breast, including tissue surroundin

Recovery At Home
Recovery at home after surgery may require certain dietary and environmental restrictions, recommended rest and limitations to phy

Rectal Prolapse Repair Surgery
Rectal prolapse repair surgery treats a condition in which the rectum falls, or prolapses, from its normal anatomical position bec

Rectal Resections
A rectal resection is the surgical removal of a portion of the rectum. Rectal resections repair damage to the rectum caused by dis

Reoperation Surgical Procedure Duplication
Reoperation is a term used by surgeons for the duplication of a surgical procedure. Repeating surgery may involve surgery at the s

Sclerotherapy For Esophageal Varices
Sclerotherapy for esophageal varices, also called endoscopic sclerotherapy, is a treatment for esophageal bleeding that involves t

Second Look Surgery
Second-look surgery is performed after a procedure or course of treatment to determine if the patient is free of disease. If disea

Segmentectomy
Segmentectomy is the excision (removal) of a portion of any organ or gland. The procedure has several variations and many names, i

Segmentectomy 2
Segmentectomy 2: Tests help to determine whether cancer cells have spread within the lungs or to other parts of the body after a d

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a minimally invasive procedure in which a lymph node near the site of a cancerous tumor is fi

Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic and screening procedure in which a rigid or flexible tube with a camera on the end (a sigmoidoscope)

Small Bowel Resection
A small bowel resection is the surgical removal of one or more segments of the small intestine. The small intestine is the part of

Small Bowel Resection 2
Open small bowel resection Following adequate bowel preparation, the patient is placed under general anesthesia and positioned

Surgical Medical Services
Most hospitals have extensive surgical services that include preoperative testing, which may include x-rays, CT scans, ultrasonogr