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Although the H2-receptor blockers are very safe drugs, they are capable of
causing thrombocytopenia, a disorder in which there are too few platelets in the
blood.
This deficiency may cause bleeding problems, since platelets are
essential for blood clotting. Platelet deficiencies can only be recognized by
blood tests; there are no symptoms that the patient can see or feel. In addition
to affecting platelet levels, the H2-receptor blockers may cause changes in
heart rate, making the heart beat either faster or slower than normal. Patients
should call a physician immediately if any of these signs occur:
• tingling
of the fingers or toes
• difficulty breathing
• difficulty swallowing
•
swelling of the face or lips
• rapid heartbeat
• slow heartbeat
In addition to these signs, the H2-receptor blockers may cause the following
unwanted reactions:
• headache
• diarrhea
• dizziness
•
drowsiness
• nausea
• depression
• skin rash
• vomiting
In addition, cimetidine is an inhibitor of male sex hormones; it may cause
loss of libido, breast tenderness and enlargement, and impotence. Ranitidine may
cause loss of hair or severe skin rashes that require prompt medical attention.
In rare cases, this drug may cause a reduction in the white blood cell
count.
Before using H2-receptor blockers, people with any of these medical problems
should make sure their physicians are aware of their conditions:
• kidney
disease
• liver disease
• medical conditions associated with confusion or
dizziness
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